文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress on Hierarchical Porous Metal Materials for Efficient Thermal Management

作者:

石爾一; 王友蘭 ; 葉雙瑞 ; 汪瓊 ; 趙斌; 彭啟

長沙理工大學 能源與動力工程學院，湖南 長沙 410114

Author(s):

SHI Er;  WANG You-lan;  YE Shuang-rui;  WANG Qiong;  ZHAO Bin;  PENG Qi

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China

關鍵詞:

多層級孔表面; 金屬; 制備工藝; 熱管理; 沸騰傳熱

Keywords:

hierarchical porous surface;  metal;  preparation method;  thermal management;  boiling heat transfer

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

高效熱管理是解決高熱流密度和大功率新興電子設備與機械器件運行安全性和穩定性的重要途徑，多孔金屬作為兼具結構和功能的一體化材料，具有高孔隙度、高比表面積、高連通孔隙度、良好導電導熱性等突出優點。隨著應用環境的變化，人們對多孔金屬的綜合性能提出了越來越高的要求，與傳統的單層孔結構金屬材料相比，多層級孔結構金屬由于具有兩級甚至多級孔結構特征，表現出更加優異的綜合性能，因此成為研究和關注的熱點。本文綜述了高效熱管理用的多層級孔金屬制備方法，主要包括燒結、電化學沉積以及選區激光熔化法等，并總結了對應方法在制備多層級孔材料方面的最新研究進展；分析和討論了部分制備技術的優缺點以及層級多孔結構熱性能的關鍵參數及其熱管理性能評價；介紹了多層級金屬材料在航空航天、電力電子、新能源汽車等領域相變傳熱為基礎的熱管理研究現狀，最后展望了用于高效熱管理的多層級孔金屬材料的發展方向。

Abstract:

Improving thermal management is crucial for addressing the safety and stability associated with high heat flux density and high power in emerging electronic devices and mechanical components. Porous metal, which possess advantageous structural and functional properties, offer high porosity, specific surface area, pore connectivity, and electrical and thermal conductivity, making them an attractive material choice for this purpose. As the service environment evolves, there is a growing need for enhanced performance from porous metals. In contrast to traditional single-layer porous metals, hierarchical porous metals have gained attention for their superior comprehensive performance, which is attributed to their multi-level pore structure features. This study provided a comprehensive review of the preparation methods for hierarchical porous metals used in efficient thermal management, such as sintering, electrochemical deposition, and selective laser melting. It also summarized the latest research progress in applying these methods to prepare hierarchical porous materials, analyzing and discussing the advantages and disadvantages of various preparation techniques, as well as the key parameters of hierarchical porous structures and the evaluation of thermal management performance. Additionally, the research status of heat management based on two-phase heat transfer in thermal management in fields such as aerospace, power electronics and new energy vehicles was introduced.